The exclusion of PFBS is a key requirement to comply with the latest EU environmental regulations and represents a core choice in current PC flame retardant modification. Based on compositional differences, these alternatives can be further categorized into three main types:

(1) Potassium diphenylsulfone sulfonate (KSS)

Core Advantages: It has a wide range of applications. An addition level of 0.3%-0.6% can increase the oxygen index of PC material to approximately 37%. It offers excellent transparency and low haze, resulting in products with high surface smoothness and good brightness, making it suitable for applications requiring good appearance and light transmittance.

Limitations: It is highly hygroscopic, making storage more challenging. Its flame retardant efficiency is relatively low, and its effectiveness has poor longevity, often failing to maintain the original flame retardant rating after 24 hours.

(2) Sodium 2,4,5-trichlorobenzenesulfonate (STB)

Core Advantages: It provides excellent flame retardant performance and is primarily suitable for the flame retardant modification of opaque PC products.

Limitations: It contains chlorine, which raises environmental concerns and conflicts with the trend towards halogen-free, eco-friendly solutions, thus limiting its application scenarios.

(3) Sulfonate Complexes

Core Advantages: This is currently the preferred solution in the PC flame retardant field, offering a combination of high flame retardant efficiency, stable long-term performance, and excellent processing/dispersibility. Mainstream commercial models in the market include the ARICHEM HES2-FR series and the INNOVBLEN YIMA-KKS series

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